Abayomi Ajayi1, Oluwafunmilola Biobaku1, Victor Ajayi1, Ifeoluwa Oyetunji1, Happiness Aikhuele1, Oladapo Adejuwon1 and Bamgboye MA2
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the demographic, surgical and fertility characteristics of two groups of infertile women (IW) with and without intrauterine adhesion (IUA) from a diagnostic hysteroscopy.
Materials and Methods: One thousand one hundred and fifteen IW were included in the study. Intrauterine examination by hysteroscopy was performed on all the subjects to enable the observation of the uterine cavity for any abnormality or pathology. Biophysical profile of IW with normal hysteroscopy were compared with those having mainly IUA as abnormal finding on hysteroscopy.
Results: A total of 1115 IW were examined among whom 427 (38.3%) and 688 (61.7%) had normal and abnormal findings on hysteroscopy. Of the 688 IW with abnormal findings, 338 (49.1%) were mainly due to IUA. The mean [± SD] age (38.1 [6.37] years) of IW with normal hysteroscopy (n = 427) was significantly different (t = -5.67, df = 748.2, P = 0.000) from that (40.6 [5.80] years) of IW with IUA (n = 338). Those aged ≥ 35 years were three times more likely to present with abnormal IUA than those aged < 35 years (χ² = 38.53; P-value-0.000; OR = 3.06, 95% CI = 2.13, 4.41).
Conclusions: Our results indicate that age, body mass index, and previous uterine surgery, acting independently or synergistically, are likely risk factors for the development of intrauterine adhesions among infertile women in Nigeria.
Keywords: Hysteroscopy; Intrauterine adhesion; Infertility; Body mass index; Uterine surgery
Abbreviations: IUA-Intrauterine Adhesion; EBH-Examination By Hysteroscopy; IW-Infertile Women; IVF-In-Vitro Fertilization; NFC-Nordica Fertility Center; CIConfidence Interval; BMI-Body Mass Index; PI-Primary Infertility; SI-Secondary Infertility; HSG Hysterosalpingogram